Executive summary

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus (IVCTT) is rare and regarded as an advanced disease stage with a poor prognosis. This study from Japan reported outcomes of 21 HCC patients with IVCTT treated with proton therapy. For acute toxicities, dermatitis of grade 1-2 was observed in all patients, but no grade 3 or higher late toxicity events were encountered.

The overall survival (OS) rates for all patients were 62%, 33%, and 19% at 1, 2, and 3 years, respectively. No local recurrences for the treated lesions, including IVCTT, were observed. The authors concluded that PBT is safe and effective and is an important treatment option for HCC patients with IVCTT.
 

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